MICA TUBES
High-Temperature Mica Tubes for Insulation
PRODUCTS > MICA TUBES
WHAT ARE MICA TUBES?
Mica tubes are prepared by using mica paper or splitting mica fixed with glue or by using mica paper glued on side of reinforced material, then processed rolling. It has excellent mechanical strength and electrical properties, making it suitable for all kinds of electric motors and electrical appliances, electrical smelt furnace, etc.
Axim’s mica tubes can withstand temperatures ranging from 130°C to 1000°C for high temperature and high voltage applications. We manufacture high temperature tubing in a variety of shapes.
Our tubes meet NEMA standards and are convolute wound to increase strength and minimize seam lengths.
When ordering mica tubes, it’s important not to assume a standard cylindrical design. These components can be tailored in shape, thickness, length, diameter, and material. Because they are constructed from multiple layers of mica paper, customization is both flexible and efficient.
APPLICATIONS
Axim’s mica tubes are used in a variety of industries for various applications.
Electrical & Electronics
Insulation in high-voltage and high-temperature equipment, such as electric motors, generators, and transformers.
Aerospace & Defense
Components requiring exceptional thermal resistance and electrical insulation under extreme conditions.
Automotive
Thermal barriers in electric and hybrid vehicles, insulation in ignition systems, and components requiring high mechanical strength and heat resistance.
Home Appliances
Heating elements in appliances like toasters, hair dryers, and microwaves.
Industrial
Manufacturing
Protective insulation in industrial furnaces, smelt furnaces, and other high-temperature processing equipment.
Renewable Energy
Insulation in wind turbines and solar panels.
Research &
Development Labs
Prototype development and testing where components must withstand extreme conditions.
MICA TUBES: GRADES, SPECIFICATIONS, AND CUSTOMIZATION OPTIONS
HIGH-QUALITY CONSTRUCTION
Material: Muscovite or Phlogopite
Binders: Epoxy, Silicone, or Shellac
LENGTH
Available from 0.2” (5mm) minimum to 45” (1143mm) maximum.
**special order lengths upon request**
INNER DIAMETER (ID)
Available from 0.125” (~3.2mm) minimum to 25” (~635mm) maximum
WALL THICKNESS
Range: 0.015” (0.38mm) minimum to 1.0” (25.4mm) maximum
EXTENSIVE SHAPE OPTIONS
Shapes: round, oval, square, hexagonal, rectangular, octagonal, and diamond
**custom shapes can be requested to meet precise design requirements**
HIGH-TEMPERATURE ADAPTABILITY
Can withstand temperatures up to 1800°F (~ 982°C).
SPECIAL FEATURES
Inorganic Composition: some tubes are made with mica paper bonded with silicate binders.
MECHANICAL & ELECTRICAL RESILIENCE
Dielectric Strength: adjusted to different wall thicknesses
Electrical Resistance: suitable for high-voltage insulation needs.
Do you have a challenging application? Axim Mica can manufacture mica tubes of custom specifications based on the customer’s requirements/drawings.
BENEFITS & ADVANTAGES OF MICA TUBES
- Enhanced Durability with Layered Construction: Layered mica tubes significantly boost the strength of components. This construction method fortifies products against the stresses and strains of daily use, ensuring longevity and reliability in demanding environments.
- Increases Product Lifespan with Convolute Winding: Convolute winding enhances the structural integrity of mica tubes, reducing seam lengths and potential weak points. This method ensures products can withstand rigorous applications, extending their usable life and reducing the need for frequent replacements
- Provides Electrical and Insulation Benefits: Mica tubes are pivotal in applications requiring robust electrical insulation and mechanical stability, such as in electric motors and appliances. Their exceptional properties help improve product performance, making them integral to the manufacturing process of electrical and high-temperature devices.
- Works for Any Design: The ability to choose from various shapes, including square, round, oval, and rectangular, empowers designers and engineers. This versatility supports innovative and complex designs, providing the freedom to meet specific project requirements with ease.
ENGINEERING EXCELLENCE WITH AXIM MICA
Ready to move forward? Partner with us to leverage the full potential of our mica tubes. Our engineering team collaborates with clients to develop optimal solutions for their specific applications, ensuring every component meets exact specifications and performance requirements.
Table of Contents
SECTION 1: FUNDAMENTALS OF MICA TUBES
1. What is a mica tube?
2. How are mica tubes manufactured?
3. What are the primary materials used in mica tubes?
4. What is the difference between Muscovite and Phlogopite mica?
5. Why is silicone resin used as a binder in mica tubes?
6. What makes mica an excellent electrical insulator?
7. Are mica tubes resistant to chemicals?
SECTION 2: PROPERTIES AND SPECIFICATIONS
8. What is the maximum operating temperature of a mica tube?
9. What does dielectric strength mean for a mica tube?
10. How is the wall thickness of a mica tube determined?
11. Are mica tubes mechanically strong?
12. What is the thermal conductivity of mica tubes?
13. How do mica tubes perform under thermal shock?
14. Do mica tubes absorb moisture?
SECTION 3: APPLICATIONS AND USE CASES
15. What are the most common applications for mica tubes?
16. Why are mica tubes used in industrial heating elements?
17. How are mica tubes utilized in foundry and steel industries?
18. Can mica tubes be used in high-voltage switchgear?
19. Are mica tubes suitable for aerospace applications?
20. Can I use a mica tube as a simple bushing or spacer?
SECTION 4: SELECTION AND BEST PRACTICES
21. How do I choose the right type of mica tube for my project?
22. What factors influence the cost of mica tubes?
23. Can mica tubes be machined or customized?
24. What are the signs that a mica tube needs replacement?
25. How should mica tubes be handled and stored?
26. Are there any safety precautions when working with mica?
Frequently Asked Questions
SECTION 1: FUNDAMENTALS OF MICA TUBES
FAQ 1: What is a mica tube?
A mica tube is a rigid, hollow cylindrical insulator made from mica paper bonded with a resin, designed to withstand high temperatures and high voltages. These tubes are formed by wrapping layers of mica paper, typically impregnated with a silicone resin, around a mandrel and then curing it under heat and pressure. The resulting component offers exceptional thermal stability, dielectric strength, and mechanical rigidity. This unique combination of properties makes them indispensable in applications where both electrical and thermal insulation are critical.
Real Results: An electronics manufacturer used mica tubes to insulate sensor leads inside a 3D printer’s hot end, ensuring stable readings at 250°C without electrical interference.
Takeaway: Use mica tubes as a robust solution when you need a component that insulates against both extreme heat and high voltage simultaneously.
FAQ 2: How are mica tubes manufactured?
Mica tubes are manufactured by rolling resin-mixed mica paper onto a heated steel mandrel of a specific diameter. As the layers build up to the desired wall thickness, the tube is subjected to continuous pressure and heat. This process activates the silicone resin binder, which cures and bonds the mica layers into a solid, monolithic structure. After curing, the tube is cooled, extracted from the mandrel, and can be cut to length or further machined to meet final specifications.
Real Results: A manufacturing facility automated its mica tube rolling process, increasing production output by 40% while maintaining a wall thickness tolerance of +/- 0.1mm.
Takeaway: The manufacturing process of rolling and curing under pressure is what gives mica tubes their dense, non-conductive, and thermally stable structure.
FAQ 3: What are the primary materials used in mica tubes?
The primary materials used in mica tubes are natural mica paper and a high-temperature binder, almost always a silicone-based resin. The mica paper itself is made from either Muscovite or Phlogopite mica minerals, which are processed into thin, flexible sheets. The silicone resin acts as the glue that holds these layers together, providing mechanical strength and moisture resistance once cured. The specific grade of mica and type of silicone resin are chosen based on the intended application’s temperature and voltage requirements.
Real Results: By switching to a higher-grade silicone binder, a mica tube supplier increased the continuous operating temperature of their product by 100°C.
Takeaway: The performance of a mica tube is defined by its two core components: the type of mica paper and the quality of the silicone resin binder.
FAQ 4: What is the difference between Muscovite and Phlogopite mica?
The primary difference between Muscovite and Phlogopite mica lies in their temperature resistance and dielectric strength. Muscovite, often called white or ruby mica, offers superior dielectric strength, making it ideal for high-voltage electrical insulation up to about 700°C. Phlogopite, or amber mica, has a higher temperature limit, capable of withstanding continuous temperatures up to 1000°C, but has slightly lower dielectric properties. Therefore, the choice between them is a trade-off: Muscovite is for electrical priority, and Phlogopite is for thermal priority.
Real Results: A furnace manufacturer switched from Muscovite to Phlogopite tubes for their heating element supports, eliminating failures that occurred during peak cycles above 750°C.
Takeaway: Choose Muscovite for high-voltage applications below 700°C and Phlogopite for high-temperature applications that exceed Muscovite’s thermal limits.
FAQ 5: Why is silicone resin used as a binder in mica tubes?
Silicone resin is the preferred binder for mica tubes due to its excellent thermal stability and high-temperature performance. Unlike organic resins that would carbonize and become conductive at high temperatures, silicone resin maintains its insulating properties well above 300°C. It also provides strong adhesion to the mica paper, imparts mechanical strength, and offers good resistance to moisture and chemicals. This ensures the finished tube remains structurally and electrically integral even in harsh operating environments.
Real Results: Tests on mica tubes showed that those made with silicone resin retained 90% of their dielectric strength after 1000 hours at 500°C, while epoxy-bound tubes failed completely.
Takeaway: Rely on silicone-bonded mica tubes for high-temperature applications, as the binder is key to preserving the tube’s insulating properties.
FAQ 6: What makes mica an excellent electrical insulator?
Mica is an excellent electrical insulator due to its unique crystalline structure and chemical composition, which results in a very high dielectric strength. Its layered silicate structure lacks free electrons, making it extremely difficult for electric current to pass through. This inherent resistance to electrical flow allows it to withstand high voltage gradients without breaking down. Additionally, this property remains stable across a wide range of temperatures, which is a rare and valuable trait among insulating materials.
Real Results: In a high-voltage test, a 1mm thick mica sheet successfully insulated a 25,000-volt potential, demonstrating its exceptional dielectric capabilities.
Takeaway: Mica’s high dielectric strength is its core electrical advantage, allowing thin layers to insulate very high voltages effectively.
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FAQ 6: What makes mica an excellent electrical insulator?
Mica is an excellent electrical insulator due to its unique crystalline structure and chemical composition, which results in a very high dielectric strength. Its layered silicate structure lacks free electrons, making it extremely difficult for electric current to pass through. This inherent resistance to electrical flow allows it to withstand high voltage gradients without breaking down. Additionally, this property remains stable across a wide range of temperatures, which is a rare and valuable trait among insulating materials.
Real Results: In a high-voltage test, a 1mm thick mica sheet successfully insulated a 25,000-volt potential, demonstrating its exceptional dielectric capabilities.
Takeaway: Mica’s high dielectric strength is its core electrical advantage, allowing thin layers to insulate very high voltages effectively.
FAQ 7: Are mica tubes resistant to chemicals?
Mica tubes are resistant to a wide range of chemicals, including most acids, alkalis, oils, and solvents. This chemical inertness is a natural property of the mica mineral itself. The silicone binder also contributes significantly to this resistance. However, they can be attacked by certain highly corrosive substances like hydrofluoric acid. Overall, their chemical stability makes them suitable for use in industrial environments where exposure to various chemicals is common.
Real Results: Mica tube insulators used in an electroplating facility showed no degradation after six months of exposure to acidic vapors, unlike the previously used polymer insulators.
Takeaway: Consider mica tubes for applications in chemically active environments, but always verify compatibility with any specific, highly corrosive agents.
SECTION 2: PROPERTIES AND SPECIFICATIONS
FAQ 8: What is the maximum operating temperature of a mica tube?
The maximum operating temperature of a mica tube depends on the type of mica used. Phlogopite mica tubes are designed for higher temperatures and can typically operate continuously at 750°C to 1000°C (1382°F to 1832°F). Muscovite mica tubes have a lower thermal limit, generally rated for continuous operation between 550°C and 700°C (1022°F to 1292°F). Exceeding these temperatures can lead to binder degradation and a loss of mechanical and electrical properties.
Real Results: A heat treatment furnace upgraded to Phlogopite mica tubes, allowing it to increase its standard operating temperature from 650°C to 850°C, improving process efficiency.
Takeaway: Select Phlogopite for temperatures above 700°C; for applications below that, Muscovite is often a more cost-effective choice with better electrical properties.
FAQ 9: What does dielectric strength mean for a mica tube?
Dielectric strength measures a material’s ability to withstand a high voltage without experiencing electrical breakdown and becoming conductive. For a mica tube, it is typically expressed in kilovolts per millimeter (kV/mm) and indicates the maximum voltage gradient the tube’s wall can insulate. A high dielectric strength, often exceeding 20 kV/mm for Muscovite, means that even a thin-walled tube can prevent electrical arcing in high-voltage equipment. This is a critical safety and performance specification for any electrical insulation application.
Real Results: A mica tube with a 2mm wall thickness and a dielectric strength of 20 kV/mm successfully passed a 40,000-volt insulation test without failure.
Takeaway: Ensure the tube’s total dielectric capability (strength multiplied by wall thickness) far exceeds the maximum operating voltage of your application.
FAQ 10: How is the wall thickness of a mica tube determined?
The wall thickness of a mica tube is determined by the application’s specific electrical and mechanical requirements. For high-voltage applications, a thicker wall is needed to provide sufficient insulation and prevent dielectric breakdown. Mechanically, a thicker wall provides greater compressive strength and rigidity, which is important if the tube is used as a structural support or liner. It is a direct result of the number of layers of mica paper rolled onto the mandrel during the manufacturing process.
Real Results: An engineer increased the mica tube wall thickness from 1.5mm to 3.0mm in a support post, which eliminated mechanical failures under a 200 MPa compressive load.
Takeaway: Specify wall thickness based on a careful balance between the required voltage insulation and the necessary mechanical strength.
FAQ 11: Are mica tubes mechanically strong?
Yes, mica tubes are mechanically strong, particularly in compression. Their layered, composite structure provides excellent rigidity and high compressive strength, preventing them from crushing under significant loads. This makes them suitable for use as structural supports, spacers, and cores in high-temperature environments. While they are very rigid, they are also brittle and have lower tensile and impact strength compared to metals or some plastics, so they must be handled carefully to avoid chipping or cracking.
Real Results: In a load test, a mica tube with a 50mm diameter supported a compressive force of over 30,000 Newtons before showing any signs of structural failure.
Takeaway: Leverage mica tubes for applications requiring high compressive strength, but protect them from sharp impacts or bending forces.
FAQ 12: What is the thermal conductivity of mica tubes?
Mica tubes have a relatively low thermal conductivity, meaning they are good thermal insulators. Their thermal conductivity is typically in the range of 0.3 to 0.4 W/m·K (Watts per meter-Kelvin). This property allows them to act as a barrier to heat flow, which is crucial when protecting sensitive components from a nearby heat source. While not as insulating as ceramic fiber or microporous insulation, their combination of thermal insulation with excellent electrical properties is what makes them unique.
Real Results: Using a mica tube as a sleeve reduced the surface temperature of a sensor housing next to a heating element by 150°C, preventing heat-related failures.
Takeaway: Use mica tubes not just for electrical insulation but also to effectively block heat transfer in compact, high-temperature assemblies.
FAQ 13: How do mica tubes perform under thermal shock?
Mica tubes exhibit excellent resistance to thermal shock due to the low coefficient of thermal expansion of the mica mineral. This means they do not expand or contract significantly when subjected to rapid temperature changes. This stability prevents them from cracking or shattering, a common failure mode for more brittle materials like some ceramics. This makes them highly reliable in applications with frequent and rapid heating and cooling cycles, such as industrial furnaces or welding equipment.
Real Results: A mica tube used as a nozzle in a plasma torch successfully endured over 500 cycles of heating to 900°C and rapid air cooling without any cracking.
Takeaway: Choose mica tubes for applications involving rapid temperature cycling where materials like standard ceramics might fail from thermal shock.
FAQ 14: Do mica tubes absorb moisture?
Mica tubes have very low moisture absorption, typically less than 0.5% after being submerged in water for 24 hours. The silicone resin binder effectively seals the porous mica paper, making the final product highly resistant to water and humidity. This is a critical property because moisture absorption can severely degrade the dielectric strength of an insulating material. Their hydrophobic nature ensures stable electrical performance even in humid or damp operating environments.
Real Results: After operating for a year in a tropical, high-humidity environment, a mica tube’s insulation resistance dropped by less than 5%, demonstrating its excellent moisture resistance.
Takeaway: Rely on the low moisture absorption of mica tubes to maintain stable electrical insulation in environments with high humidity.
SECTION 3: APPLICATIONS AND USE CASES
FAQ 15: What are the most common applications for mica tubes?
The most common applications for mica tubes are as insulators for electrical heating elements in devices like band heaters, cartridge heaters, and industrial furnaces. They are also widely used as high-voltage insulator tubes, spacers, and bushings in electrical switchgear, transformers, and capacitors. Other significant uses include furnace linings, support rods in induction furnaces, and as protective sleeves for thermocouples and other sensors operating in extreme temperature environments.
Real Results: A leading manufacturer of industrial band heaters relies on mica tubes to insulate the nichrome wire element, enabling reliable operation at 480V and 400°C.
Takeaway: Look for mica tubes in any application that combines high temperatures with a need for robust electrical insulation, especially in heating elements.
FAQ 16: Why are mica tubes used in industrial heating elements?
Mica tubes are used in industrial heating elements because they provide a perfect combination of high-temperature resistance, excellent electrical insulation, and good thermal conductivity. They electrically isolate the resistive heating wire (like nichrome) from the metal sheath while efficiently transferring heat outwards to the target. This ensures the element is both safe and effective. Their mechanical strength also provides a rigid, stable core to wind the heating element around during manufacturing.
Real Results: By using a mica tube core, a cartridge heater design achieved a 20% higher watt density without risk of electrical shorting, improving heat-up times.
Takeaway: Mica tubes are the default choice for heating element cores because they safely contain electricity while efficiently letting heat escape.
FAQ 17: How are mica tubes utilized in foundry and steel industries?
In foundry and steel industries, mica tubes are primarily used in induction furnaces and ladles to insulate and protect critical components from molten metal and extreme heat. They serve as coil liners, protecting the expensive induction coils from splashes and intense radiant heat. They are also used as sleeves for thermocouples to allow for accurate temperature measurement of molten metal without destroying the sensor. Their resistance to thermal shock is especially valuable in these harsh, cyclical environments.
Real Results: A steel foundry extended the life of its induction furnace coils by 35% by implementing Phlogopite mica tube liners for thermal and electrical protection.
Takeaway: In metal processing, mica tubes serve as a sacrificial, high-temperature barrier that protects more valuable equipment like induction coils and sensors.
FAQ 18: Can mica tubes be used in high-voltage switchgear?
Yes, mica tubes are frequently used in high-voltage switchgear as insulating components. They are often fabricated into parts like arc chutes, barriers, and support rods for current-carrying conductors. Their high dielectric strength prevents electrical arcing between phases or to ground, which is a primary function of switchgear. Furthermore, mica is self-extinguishing and does not track (form a conductive carbon path), enhancing the safety and reliability of the equipment during an overcurrent event.
Real Results: A 15kV circuit breaker design incorporates Muscovite mica tubes as actuator rods, ensuring complete electrical isolation between the high-voltage section and the control mechanism.
Takeaway: Utilize Muscovite mica tubes in switchgear for their excellent dielectric strength and arc-resistant properties to ensure safe operation.
FAQ 19: Are mica tubes suitable for aerospace applications?
Yes, mica tubes are suitable for certain aerospace applications where high-temperature and electrical insulation are required in a lightweight form. They are used to insulate wiring and sensors in high-temperature zones like engine compartments and exhaust systems. Their low outgassing properties also make them acceptable for some vacuum and space applications. The primary material, mica, is also inherently radiation resistant, which can be an advantage in aerospace environments.
Real Results: An aerospace engineer specified mica tube sleeves to protect critical wiring harnesses from a jet engine’s 600°C exhaust heat, preventing signal degradation and wire failure.
Takeaway: Consider mica tubes in aerospace design for a lightweight solution to thermal and electrical insulation challenges, especially near engines.
FAQ 20: Can I use a mica tube as a simple bushing or spacer?
Yes, using a mica tube as a simple bushing or spacer is an excellent application, especially in high-temperature assemblies. They can be used to electrically isolate a metal bolt or screw passing through a chassis or to maintain a precise distance between two components in a furnace. Their high compressive strength ensures they won’t crush under clamping force. This is often a more robust and temperature-resistant solution than using ceramic or plastic spacers.
Real Results: A high-power resistor assembly uses small, cut-to-length mica tubes as spacers to ensure consistent air gaps for cooling and to prevent shorting to the heatsink.
Takeaway: Use custom-cut mica tubes as a superior, high-temperature alternative to standard plastic or ceramic bushings and spacers.
SECTION 4: SELECTION AND BEST PRACTICES
FAQ 21: How do I choose the right type of mica tube for my project?
To choose the right mica tube, you must first define your application’s maximum continuous operating temperature and voltage. If the temperature exceeds 700°C, you must select a Phlogopite mica tube. For applications below this temperature that require the highest possible electrical insulation, a Muscovite mica tube is the better choice. After selecting the material type, you must specify the required inner diameter, outer diameter (or wall thickness), and length for a proper fit.
Real Results: An engineer designing a 600°C, 5kV application correctly chose a Muscovite tube, saving 15% in cost compared to an over-specified Phlogopite tube.
Takeaway: Base your selection primarily on two thresholds: temperature (the Phlogopite decider) and voltage (the Muscovite decider and wall thickness driver).
FAQ 22: What factors influence the cost of mica tubes?
The primary factors influencing the cost of mica tubes are the material type, dimensions, and order quantity. Phlogopite mica is generally more expensive than Muscovite. Cost increases significantly with larger diameters and thicker walls, as this requires more material and longer processing times. Finally, custom or non-standard dimensions and small order quantities will have a higher per-unit cost than standard sizes purchased in bulk.
Real Results: By standardizing on a common mica tube diameter across three different products, a company was able to place a bulk order and reduce its per-unit cost by 25%.
Takeaway: To manage costs, use the smallest diameter and thinnest wall that meets your technical requirements and order standard sizes in bulk when possible.
FAQ 23: Can mica tubes be machined or customized?
Yes, mica tubes can be readily machined and customized to meet specific design requirements. They can be precision cut to length, drilled, slotted, and turned on a lathe using carbide or diamond-tipped tooling. This allows for the creation of complex shapes, such as tubes with threaded ends, mounting holes, or specific notches. However, because mica is abrasive and can delaminate if machined improperly, it’s often best to have customization done by the manufacturer or a specialist.
Real Results: A research lab ordered mica tubes with custom-drilled side holes to serve as an insulating gas injection lance, a part impossible to create without machining.
Takeaway: Factor in custom machining when you need features like holes or slots, but engage experienced machinists to prevent damage to the material.
FAQ 24: What are the signs that a mica tube needs replacement?
Signs that a mica tube needs replacement include visible cracking, significant chipping, or flaking of the outer layers (delamination). Another key indicator is heavy discoloration or charring, which suggests it has been exposed to temperatures beyond its rating. In electrical applications, a periodic insulation resistance test can reveal a degradation in dielectric properties. Any of these signs compromise the tube’s integrity and warrant immediate replacement to prevent equipment failure.
Real Results: During preventative maintenance, a technician identified a cracked mica tube insulator in a furnace, preventing a catastrophic short-circuit that would have caused $10,000 in damages.
Takeaway: Conduct regular visual inspections for mechanical damage and discoloration, and perform electrical tests to proactively identify failing tubes.
FAQ 25: How should mica tubes be handled and stored?
Mica tubes should be handled carefully to avoid impacts and bending forces that could cause chipping or cracking. It is best to store them horizontally on a flat surface in a dry, climate-controlled environment to prevent warping or moisture absorption over time. Keeping them in their original packaging until use protects them from workshop dust and contaminants. Always wear gloves when handling to keep oils from your hands off the surface, which can cause hot spots in high-temperature applications.
Real Results: A company implemented a new storage policy for mica tubes, reducing pre-installation damage by 80% just by keeping them in horizontal racks instead of standing them in a corner.
Takeaway: Treat mica tubes like a fragile ceramic: store them flat and dry, and handle them carefully to prevent any mechanical damage before installation.
FAQ 26: Are there any safety precautions when working with mica?
Yes, when machining, cutting, or sanding mica tubes, it is crucial to take safety precautions to avoid inhaling the resulting dust. Mica dust can be an irritant to the respiratory system, so wearing a dust mask or respirator (like an N95) is highly recommended. Safety glasses should also be worn to protect the eyes from fine particles. While the solid tube is completely safe to handle, generating airborne dust is the primary hazard to mitigate.
Real Results: A workshop that machines mica components installed a dust collection system, which reduced airborne particulate matter by 95% and improved employee respiratory health.
Takeaway: Always use a respirator and eye protection when cutting or grinding mica to prevent the inhalation or eye contact of fine mica dust.